一、铝合金板的低温形变热处理简介
1、 Brief introduction of low temperature thermomechanical treatment of aluminum alloy plate
低温形变热处理又称为形变时效。广泛的处理方式有：
Low temperature thermomechanical treatment is also called deformation aging. A wide range of treatment methods are as follows:
①淬火一冷(温)变形一人工时效；
① Quenching cold (warm) deformation artificial aging;
②淬火一自然时效一冷变形一人工时效；
② Quenching natural aging cold deformation artificial aging;
③淬火一人工时效一冷变形一人工时效。
③ Quenching artificial aging cold deformation artificial aging.

冷变形造成位错网络，使脱溶相形核更为广泛和均匀，有利于提高合度和塑性，有时也可提高铝合金板的抗蚀性。
Cold deformation results in dislocation network, which makes the nucleation of desolvent phase more extensive and uniform, which is beneficial to improve the cohesion and plasticity, and sometimes the corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy plate.
二、铝合金板冷变形对失效过程的影响
2、 Effect of cold deformation on failure process of aluminum alloy plate
1、冷变形对铝合金板时效过程的影响规律较为复杂。它与淬火、变形和时效规程有关，也与铝合金板本性有关。对同一种合金来说，与时效时沉淀相类型有关，简言之，主要依靠形成弥散过渡相而强化的合金，时效前冷变形会使合金强度提高。这类合金淬火后，经冷变形再加热到时效温度时脱溶与回复过程同时发生。
1. The effect of cold deformation on the aging process of aluminum alloy sheet is complex. It is related to the rules of quenching, deformation and aging, and also to the nature of aluminum alloy plate. For the same alloy, it is related to the type of precipitation phase during aging. In short, for the alloy strengthened mainly by forming dispersed transition phase, cold deformation before aging will improve the strength of the alloy. After quenching, the desolvation and recovery occur simultaneously when the alloy is heated to aging temperature after cold deformation.
脱溶将因冷变形而加速，脱溶相质点将因冷变形而更加弥散。与此同时，脱溶质点也阻碍多边化等回复过程。若多边化过程已发生，则因位错分布及密度的变化，脱溶相质点的分布及密度也会发生相应的改变。
The desolvation will be accelerated by cold deformation, and the desolvation phase particles will be more dispersed by cold deformation. At the same time, the desolvent point also hinders the recovery process such as multilateralization. If the multilateralization process has taken place, the distribution and density of particles in the desolvent phase will also change with the change of dislocation distribution and density.
2、低温形变热处理亦可采用温变形。在温变形时动态回复进行得相当激烈，有利于提高铝合金板形变热处理后材料组织的热稳定性。低温形变热处理对Al-Cu-Mg系合金特别有用。
2. Warm deformation can also be used in low temperature thermomechanical treatment. The dynamic recovery is very intense during warm deformation, which is beneficial to improve the thermal stability of the material after thermomechanical treatment. Low temperature thermomechanical treatment is especially useful for Al Cu Mg alloys.
例如，2A12合金铝板淬火后变形20%,然后在130℃时效10~20h,与常规热处理比较，抗拉强度可提高60N/mm2,屈服强度可提高100N/mm2塑性尚好2A11铝合金板淬火后在150℃轧制30%,然后在100℃时效3h,与淬火后直接按同一规范时效的材料相比，抗拉强度提高50N/mm2,屈服强度提高130N/mm2,但A值降低50%。
For example, 2A12 aluminum alloy plate is deformed by 20% after quenching, and then aged at 130 ℃ for 10 ~ 20h. Compared with conventional heat treatment, the tensile strength and yield strength of 2A12 aluminum alloy plate can be increased by 60N / mm2 and 100N / mm2 respectively, and the plasticity is still good. 2A11 aluminum alloy plate is rolled at 150 ℃ after quenching, and then aged at 100 ℃ for 3h. Compared with the material aged directly according to the same specification after quenching, the tensile strength and yield strength of 2A12 aluminum alloy plate are increased by 50N / mm2 and 130n / mm2 respectively, But a value decreased by 50%.